๐ Antiviral effects of a probiotic Enterococcus faecium strain against transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus
The enteropathogenic coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes severe disease in young piglets. We have studied the protective effects of the probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 (E. faecium), which is approved as a feed additive in the European Union, against TGEV infection. E. faecium was added to swine testicle (ST) cells before, concomitantly with, or after TGEV infection. Viability assays revealed that E. faecium led to a dose-dependent rescue of viability of TGEV-infected cells reaching nearly to complete protection. Virus yields of the E. faecium-treated cultures were reduced by up to three log10 units. Western blot analysis of purified TGEV revealed that the levels of all viral structural proteins were reduced after E. faecium treatment. Using transmission electron microscopy, we observed attachment of TGEV particles to the surface of E. faecium which might be a means to trap virus and to prevent infection. Increased production of nitric oxide in the cells treated with E. faecium and elevated expression of interleukin 6 and 8 pointed to stimulated cellular defense as a mechanism to fight TGEV infection. Wien.
keywords
๐ gastroenteritis virus (188)
๐ structural proteins (197)
๐ infected cells (307)
๐ electron microscopy (149)
๐ transmissible gastroenteritis (226)
author
๐ค Chai, Weidong
๐ค Burwinkel, Michael
๐ค Wang, Zhenya
๐ค Palissa, Christiane
๐ค Esch, Bettina
๐ค Twardziok, Sven
๐ค Rieger, Juliane
๐ค Wrede, Paul
๐ค Schmidt, Michael F.G.
year
โฐ 2013
journal
๐ Archives of Virology
issn
๐ 03048608
volume
158
number
4
page
799-807
citedbycount
20
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